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Subject: Flip-flops - Introduction
Date: Sat, 1 Jan 2011 15:20:17 +0200
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Flip-flops - Introduction</TITLE>
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<H1 align=3Dcenter><FONT color=3D#8080ff><I>Table of Contents</I></FONT> =
</H1>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
  <H3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<IMG border=3D0=20
  =
src=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/pics/perlred.g=
if"=20
  width=3D13 height=3D13>&nbsp;<A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/flip-flop01.h=
tml#Introduction"><B>Introduction</B></A><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<IMG=20
  border=3D0=20
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src=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/pics/perlyell.=
gif"=20
  width=3D13 height=3D13>&nbsp;<A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/flip-flop02.h=
tml"><B>Edge-Triggered=20
  Flip-flops</B></A><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<IMG border=3D0=20
  =
src=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/pics/perlgree.=
gif"=20
  width=3D13 height=3D13>&nbsp;<A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/flip-flop03.h=
tml"><B>Pulse-Triggered=20
  (Master-Slave) Flip-flops</B></A><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<IMG border=3D0 =

  =
src=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/pics/perlgree.=
gif"=20
  width=3D13 height=3D13>&nbsp;<A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/flip-flop03.h=
tml#DLO"><B>Data=20
  Lock-Out Flip-flops</B></A><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<IMG border=3D0=20
  =
src=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/pics/perlyell.=
gif"=20
  width=3D13 height=3D13>&nbsp;<A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/flip-flop04.h=
tml"><B>Operating=20
  Characteristics</B></A><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<IMG border=3D0=20
  =
src=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/pics/perlred.g=
if"=20
  width=3D13 height=3D13>&nbsp;<A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/flip-flop05.h=
tml"><B>Applications</B></A><BR></H3></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><BR><IMG border=3D0=20
src=3D"http://www.eelab.usyd.edu.au/digital_tutorial/part2/pics/anibar.gi=
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width=3D600 height=3D1><BR>
<H1 align=3Dcenter><FONT color=3Dorange><I><A=20
name=3DIntroduction>Introduction</A></I></FONT> </H1>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
  <P align=3Dleft><FONT=20
  color=3D#ff0080><B><I><BIG>Flip-flops</BIG></I></B></FONT><B> are =
synchronous=20
  bistable devices. The term synchronous means the output changes state =
only=20
  when the clock input is triggered. That is, changes in the output =
occur in=20
  synchronization with the clock.</B>=20
  <P><B>Flip-flop is a kind of multivibrator. There are three types of =
<FONT=20
  color=3D#0080ff>multivibrators</FONT>:</B><BR>
  <OL>
    <LI><FONT color=3D#0080ff><B>Monostable</B></FONT><B> multivibrator =
(also=20
    called one-shot) has only one stable state. &nbsp;It produces a =
single pulse=20
    in response to a triggering input.</B>=20
    <LI><B><FONT color=3D#0080ff>Bistable </FONT>multivibrator exhibits =
two stable=20
    states. &nbsp;It is able to retain the two <FONT =
color=3D#408080>SET</FONT>=20
    and <FONT color=3D#408080>RESET </FONT>states indefinitely. &nbsp;It =
is=20
    commonly used as a basic building block for counters, registers and=20
    memories.</B>=20
    <LI><B><FONT color=3D#0080ff>Astable</FONT> multivibrator has no =
stable state=20
    at all. &nbsp;It is used primarily as an oscillator to generate =
periodic=20
    pulse waveforms for timing purposes.</B> </LI></OL>
  <P><B>In this tutorial, the three basic categories of bistable =
elements are=20
  emphasized: edge-triggered flip-flop, pulse-triggered (master-slave)=20
  flip-flop, and data lock-out flip-flop. &nbsp;Their operating =
characteristics=20
  and basic applications will also be discussed.</B>=20
  <P></P></BLOCKQUOTE>
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<html>
<head>
  <!-- Created with AOLpress/2.0 -->
  <title>Flip-flops - Introduction</title>
</head>
<body BGCOLOR=3D"#ffffff" LINK=3D"#000080" VLINK=3D"#800040" =
BACKGROUND=3D"#">
<p ALIGN=3D"Center">
<a NAME=3D"TOC"><img WIDTH=3D"200" HEIGHT=3D"60" BORDER=3D"0" =
SRC=3D"./pics/flipflop01s.gif" ALT=3D"flipflop01s.gif"></a>
<h1 ALIGN=3D"Center">
  <font COLOR=3D"#8080ff"><i>Table of Contents</i></font>
</h1>
<blockquote>
  <h3>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<img SRC=3D"pics/perlred.gif" BORDER=3D"0" =
WIDTH=3D"13" HEIGHT=3D"13">&nbsp;<a =
HREF=3D"#Introduction"><b>Introduction</b></a><br>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<img SRC=3D"pics/perlyell.gif" BORDER=3D"0" =
WIDTH=3D"13" HEIGHT=3D"13">&nbsp;<a =
HREF=3D"./flip-flop02.html"><b>Edge-Triggered
    Flip-flops</b></a><br>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<img SRC=3D"pics/perlgree.gif" BORDER=3D"0" =
WIDTH=3D"13" HEIGHT=3D"13">&nbsp;<a =
HREF=3D"./flip-flop03.html"><b>Pulse-Triggered
    (Master-Slave) Flip-flops</b></a><br>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<img SRC=3D"pics/perlgree.gif" BORDER=3D"0" =
WIDTH=3D"13" HEIGHT=3D"13">&nbsp;<a =
HREF=3D"./flip-flop03.html#DLO"><b>Data
    Lock-Out Flip-flops</b></a><br>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<img SRC=3D"pics/perlyell.gif" BORDER=3D"0" =
WIDTH=3D"13" HEIGHT=3D"13">&nbsp;<a =
HREF=3D"./flip-flop04.html"><b>Operating
    Characteristics</b></a><br>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<img SRC=3D"pics/perlred.gif" BORDER=3D"0" =
WIDTH=3D"13" HEIGHT=3D"13">&nbsp;<a =
HREF=3D"./flip-flop05.html"><b>Applications</b></a><br>
  </h3>
</blockquote>
<p>
<br>
<img SRC=3D"pics/anibar.gif" WIDTH=3D"600" HEIGHT=3D"1" =
BORDER=3D"0"><br>
<h1 ALIGN=3D"Center">
  <font COLOR=3D"Orange"><i><a =
NAME=3D"Introduction">Introduction</a></i></font>
</h1>
<blockquote>
  <p ALIGN=3D"Left">
  <font COLOR=3D"#ff0080"><b><i><big>Flip-flops</big></i></b></font><b> =
are
  synchronous bistable devices. The term synchronous means the output =
changes
  state only when the clock input is triggered. That is, changes in the =
output
  occur in synchronization with the clock.</b>
  <p>
  <b> Flip-flop is a kind of multivibrator. There are three types of
  <font COLOR=3D"#0080ff">multivibrators</font>:</b><br>
  <ol>
    <li>
      <font COLOR=3D"#0080ff"><b>Monostable</b></font><b> multivibrator =
(also called
      one-shot) has only one stable state. &nbsp;It produces a single =
pulse in
      response to a triggering input.</b>
    <li>
      <b><font COLOR=3D"#0080ff">Bistable </font>multivibrator exhibits =
two stable
      states. &nbsp;It is able to retain the two <font =
COLOR=3D"#408080">SET</font>
      and <font COLOR=3D"#408080">RESET </font>states indefinitely. =
&nbsp;It is commonly
      used as a basic building block for counters, registers and =
memories.</b>
    <li>
      <b><font COLOR=3D"#0080ff">Astable</font> multivibrator has no =
stable state
      at all. &nbsp;It is used primarily as an oscillator to generate =
periodic
      pulse waveforms for timing purposes.</b>
  </ol>
  <p>
  <b>In this tutorial, the three basic categories of bistable elements =
are
  emphasized: edge-triggered flip-flop, pulse-triggered (master-slave) =
flip-flop,
  and data lock-out flip-flop. &nbsp;Their operating characteristics and =
basic
  applications will also be discussed.</b>
  <p>
</blockquote>
<p>
<br>
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